The information in the iDEN System Overview and Functional Description will expose users to the purpose and parts of the iDEN system and prepare them to locate and use additional technical information. This manual is designed to supports reader goals for various kinds of information. Chapters 1 through 4 are designed to give the reader a simple overview of the iDEN system.
The remaining chapters go into more details and specifics about the iDEN functions and components. Table 1. Service Providers are those interested in the iDEN system from a business perspective. This audience is responsible for seeing that the system generates revenue and meets regulations and service level agreements by delivering calling services to subscribers and users. Network Operators are those involved in the front-line of an iDEN system, e.
This audience is the technical entity responsible for installing and operating the network infrastructure and links by which the services are provided to subscribers and users.
Before performing any major changes or optimization on the system, please contact the CNRC. Notify the CNRC with the nature of the change and the schedule for the change.
This will allow CNRC to have the correct technical support engineers on call in case they are needed. The following publications may be required to supplement the information contained in this manual. Table 2. To further enhance your understanding of the iDEN system, it is recommended that you complete the following Motorola-offered training courses. Table 3. This site was created to provide secure access to critical iDEN Infrastructure information.
This web site features a library of iDEN Infrastructure technical documentation such as bulletins, system release documents and product manuals. If you locate an error or identify a deficiency in this manual, please take the time to contact us at the following email address: tpid23 motorola. Be sure to include your name, fax or phone number, the complete manual title and part number, the page number where the error is located, and any comments you may have regarding what you have found.
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Type of Change Replaced the SR The outgrowth of the wireless communications market has produced vast opportunities to enhance and improve the communications between individuals. Because of this growth, the need to optimize Radio Frequency RF spectral resources and provide ever-increasing services is essential. To support the increase in wireless services while making best use of available resources, the iDEN system capitalizes on the fact that communications can be:.
Half-duplexwhere one user is transmitting talking and other users are receiving listening. Many times communication does not require a full-duplex link. Messaging, paging, some forms of data communication, and structured voice communication are, or can effectively operate in, half-duplex mode.
Traditional telephone conversations and more intensive data links require the ability to interrupt; that requires full-duplex operation. By utilizing both full and half-duplex operations, iDEN allows much of the voice traffic to be run in half-duplex mode, while providing full-duplex functionality when required. As part of the ongoing effort to support the outgrowth in wireless communication, the iDEN system is an integration of traditional Push-To-Talk PTT , half-duplex, analog radio technology, and feature-rich, full-duplex digital cellular communications.
This integration of mobile communication technologies provides state-of-the-art functions and benefits to mobile users while optimizing the available infrastructure resources. At the highest-level, the iDEN system is the infrastructure that is used to deliver services to mobile subscribers MS using a single subscriber unit SU. Note SU is also referred to sometimes as Mobile Station. The iDEN network provides the customer with a complete solution to all of their wireless needs, using a single SU.
The iDEN system is a digital wireless system that uniquely combines digital mobile telephone and data technologies. Through all of these features and services, the iDEN system provides subscribers with the latest integrated wireless communications solutions. To convert an analog voice signal to a digital signal, the wave pattern is sampled at different points and a digital representation of 1s and 0s is given to the sample at each point.
This digital representation can be stored, replicated, or transmitted without further degradation. These techniques also compress large segments of voice into smaller segments for more efficient transmission of the voice data. TDMA divides each 25 kilohertz radio frequency, or RF channel into 6 time slots, allowing 6 communication paths on a single RF channel.
Multiple users are assigned the same channel frequency and share the RF channel by transmitting at different times. If the signal quality drops below an acceptable level, the SU moves to a site that offers a better signal, and thus be assigned a new RF channel and time slot for transmission. Dispatch offers two-way radio communication between subscribers.
The Dispatch features of the iDEN network are based on two-way trunking, which allows individual subscribers, or groups of subscribers, to communicate quickly and easily with each other. Dispatch operates in a half-duplex mode, which means that a subscriber can either talk or listen to another subscriber using the push-to-talk button, but can not do both at the same time. There are three categories of data services supported by the iDEN network.
They are as follows:. Circuit DataCircuit data enables the subscriber to send and receive faxes and email, connect to online services such as a web service provider, and to access databases. The network infrastructure of the iDEN system offers a variety of services and features that provide subscribers with the latest integrated wireless communications solutions.
These services and features are divided into three categories:. InterconnectThe Interconnect subsystem allows a SU to travel freely throughout an iDEN system and communicate with other subscribers and land line systems.
Within this extended network, a user can originate or receive Interconnect calls, and if so provisioned, access data and voice mail services. This type of call does not use other provider networks except as transport facilities. Packet Data networking allows the service provider to become a point-of-presence for mobile users on the Internet.
These subsystem support the services and features for the iDEN system. Figure displays the basic infrastructure of the iDEN system at its basic level. Figure The Interconnect subsystem allows a SU to travel freely throughout an iDEN system and communicate with other subscribers and land line systems.
The major components of the Interconnect subsystem are as follows:. VMS also indicates when voice mail is present. The major components of the Dispatch subsystem are as follows:. The major components of the Packet Data subsystem are as follows:. The job of the AAA Server is to provide the following:. Collect and store billing records that are produced by the MDG.
Provide an avenue for the stored billing records to be transferred to an outside billing center There are two BAs in the Packet Data system. One is the primary and one is the secondary. Subscriber authenticationVerifies and identifies the SU. Subscriber authorizationSU level of service what it can and cannot do. Subscriber accountingTracks services, session times, etc.
The Next Generation OMC-R NGO is the network management subsystem that establishes, maintains, collects information about the network, and presents it to the system operator.
This data is used primarily to support the daily operation of the network radio system elements and to provide the system operator with valid information for future planning decisions. The major components of the NGO subsystem are as follows:. OMC-Restablishes, maintains, collects information about the network, and presents it to the system operator. Backup Server provides automated tape backups for the urban. Only one backup server is supported per urban.
This chapter introduces the features and organization of the iDEN system from the viewpoints of service providers and network operators.
At the highest level, there are three roles involved in the iDEN system. Those roles are as follows:. Service ProviderThe service providers of the iDEN system are the business entity responsible for generating revenue and meeting regulations and service level agreements by delivering calling services to subscribers and users.
Network OperatorThe network operators of the iDEN system are the technical entity responsible for installing and operating the network infrastructure and links by which the services are provided to subscribers and users. This subsection briefly describes key features of the iDEN system from the viewpoint of those three roles.
The iDEN system provides many services for its subscribers and users. It provides these services through three main services: Interconnect, Dispatch, and Packet Data. Interconnect provides basic mobile-mobile, land-mobile, mobile-land, as well as supplementary and adjunct services, such as call forwarding, call waiting, voice mail, and caller ID. Dispatch provides private call, talk group call, horizontal networking, and data services, such as SMS, and dial-up laptop. Other optional data user convenience options must be programmed by the user or service technician with the SU keypad or with a Radio Service Software RSS programmer.
The method of programming depends on the model of the SU. Before an SU can obtain service, it must be activated and registered in the system. The data entry requirements are shown in Figure below. Through Interconnect and Dispatch calls, law enforcement agencies can monitor the communications of a selected SU s. Note Before a carrier can begin call surveillance, a warrant must be presented. The warrant authorizes a Law Enforcement Agency LEA to conduct wiretap surveillance on a particular individual or group of individuals.
The Billing and Administration equipment is supplied by the customer. Business operations are solely the responsibility of the service provider. The iDEN system supplies usage and performance data for business operations and decision support. Note The policies, procedures, and mechanisms for the exchange of data, administrative, and operational control of the billing information is the responsibility of the service provider.
The subscriber profile includes: the types of Dispatch calls individual subscribers are allowed to make, the fleet assignments, talkgroup, and individual subscriber identification numbers. The ADC is the service providers administrative and business control equipment. The Dispatch encryption feature has various market applications; however, primary use focuses on the ability to make a Dispatch call to another capable subscriber using a sophisticated layer of eavesdropping protection.
The iDEN system provides many features for managing the network for the network operators. The main features are discussed here. The performance management function controls the collection and presentation of metrics to the system operator. The OLCC feature accomplishes this by the following:. Allowing network operators to change the iDEN system configuration while the system continues to process calls.
Providing the capability to change the iDEN radio system configuration while network elements are online processing calls, thereby reducing the overall scheduled configuration change outage time for the iDEN radio network.
Providing the mechanism to change the allocated system parameters without re-initializing the network element off-line. The iDEN configuration management monitors and controls the system and subsystem components for state, software release, and components. These databases change as the physical configuration of the network expands to accommodate growth.
To support the growing need for emerging telecommunications services, iDEN systems are organized into different levels or areas. These areas are based on geographical areas of decreasing size. The areas are divided as follows:. The telephone services available worldwide may be accessed from the iDEN system using Interconnect calling.
Interconnect calling is the access to land-line systems and the services available and emerging in the public switched environment. A region is a large geographic area that is usually associated with more than one market or more than one urban area. Just as urban areas tend to be adjacent and overlap, so do service provider coverage areas. A single service provider supplies services by regions.
A service provider may have adjacent or overlapping markets that can be linked to provide contiguous service across the areas. Regions are covered by Interconnect and Dispatch calling.
A domain is an optional logical division of a region. This is usually defined by marketing and sales strategies as a fleet-based geographical area. The intent is to subdivide the region into smaller areas based on expected usage patterns. Domain 0 is a system-wide domain. The default for Domain 0 is all service areas. There can be up to 50 domains assigned per region.
Each domain may contain up to service areas and represents the area of operation for a fleet or fleets. The domain rules are as follows:. To minimize movement of subscribers between domains, domain borders should avoid major roads, highways, and thoroughfares. Obstacles like rivers, mountain ranges, and diverse geographic areas separated by a lack of contiguous RF coverage are good boundaries. Users within a domain tend to stay within its borders.
A business' fleet will normally stay within a domain throughout the course of the work day. The iDEN system is divided up into large geographical areas known as urbans. An urban can also span more than one city or more than one state. Urbans are sometimes referred to as markets.
A service area is Dispatch-only and is defined in provisioning by the subscriber and user databases. Multiple service areas may be defined. Service areas may overlap. Users in a service area tend to stay within its borders.
A location area is a logical geographical area that is based on the current location of a SU. Note The Interconnect location areas are usually larger than Dispatch location areas. A cell is defined as a uniquely identified coverage area whose function is influenced by the following variables:.
An EBTS may be configured to support one or more cells. A site with one cell is known as an omni-directional site. A site with two or more cells is known as a sectored site. Sectored sites typically have three cells. While the SU is served by a single cell at any given time, it monitors the quality of other cells to determine when a change is required. This mobility function is discussed further in subsequent sections of this manual.
Talkgroupsa subset of a fleet based on the inter-relationship of users in the fleet managers, sales, transportation, drivers, etc. Each Fleet is assigned a unique fleet ID. Each individual subscriber in the iDEN network is a member of a fleet. Each fleet is divided into Talkgroups. Talkgroups allow groups of users to communicate with multiple subscribers at the same time. This chapter describes the major subsystems in the iDEN system in terms of their key equipment, software and databases, and function in providing system services such as calls.
EBTS is the equipment through which the radio signal from the subscriber gains access to the system. This is also referred to as a site or cell site. Figure describes the basic Radio Access Network. The EBTS consists of the control cabinets that house the components. The iSC is part of the Control Cabinet.
The power cabinet typically consists of the power supply cabinet and back-up batteries and supplies negative 48 DC voltage for powering the control and RF cabinets and for charging the batteries. It is the central connecting point for ALL T1 and E1 links in the iDEN network and is used to separate the information on the T1 or E1 links and route the data to the correct network element. The network elements in the Radio Access Network subsystem are connected to and communicate with each other and other iDEN network elements as described below.
EIA provides service access as administrative links for user interface purposes. The high-level steps for a Mobile-to-Mobile call that are impacted by the Radio Access Network components only are provided here.
The EBTS assigns a channel that will be used to complete the call setup and to carry voice traffic. The Interconnect subsystem tracks the Subscriber Units SU general location area and authorizes services. It makes connections between the wireless subsystem and the land telephony network and routes Interconnect calls. Interconnect calling allows a SU to travel freely throughout an iDEN system and teamed roaming partners.
Within this extended network, a user can originate or receive Interconnect calls. It also routes the calls. Using networked regions, the SU can roam into those Interconnected regions originating and receiving calls as if the SU is in its home system.
The key Interconnect subsystem network elements are described here, including the legacy network elements. The Short Message Service provides text messaging services for short messages up to characters in length to the SU. Mobile Location Center MLC is a central office platform that determines the physical location of a handset SU in a cellular telephone network. The Interworking Function IWF provides circuit switched data services to provide wireless modem and fax data capabilities.
The network elements in the Interconnect subsystem are connected to and communicate with each other and other iDEN network elements as described below. Coded voice to and from the radios and PCM to and from the switch is sent over wire from the radios and over fiber to the MSC.
Links between the call processors and voice processors support control and maintenance functions that are carried over wire or are delivered in packets on a LAN. The links for the iBSC are dependent on the component. The specific links are as follows: iCP. The links for the Legacy BSC are dependent on the component. The specific links are as follows: CP. A typical Interconnect Mobile-to-Land call is comprised of three processes.
The iDEN training classes offer additional information on call flows for the Interconnect system. The following figures display the processes and related call flow steps listed in the TO Setup the Interconnect Call on page table. If a channel is not available, the service request is not sent and the SU user receives an alert to indicate all channels are busy. If the channel is successfully assigned, the service request containing the ID of the SU and type of service being requested is sent to the MSC.
This message tells the SU that the MSC will not accept any further call setup information and that it is proceeding to set the call up with the information it has DCCH. This whole process should take place in 1 to 5 seconds TCH. The Dispatch subsystem is the group of network elements and links that are actively involved in providing two-way Dispatch services.
The Dispatch subsystem elements provide wireline transmission, call processing, switching, and the signaling needed for Dispatch call set up and control. The network elements in the Dispatch subsystem are connected to and communicate with each other and other iDEN network elements as described below.
The protocols and links in the Dispatch subsystem are as follows:. The invite includes the group identifier or group list, and the SDP offer. External communications are supported by two types of links:. An additional BaseT ethernet interface provides a conduit for delivery of surveillance information to Law Enforcement.
The iSG is equipped with an RS interface as a service access point. This subsection describes and illustrates a simplified view of the procedure for typical Dispatch calls.
The descriptions and illustrations reference the key network elements involved, the order of the call flow, and what and how the system communicates at each step links and protocols. A typical Dispatch call is comprised of the following three processes:. There are different types of Dispatch calls. The group call is described below.
The iDEN training classes offer additional information on all call flows for the Dispatch system. The following figures display the processes and related call flow steps listed in the TO Setup a Dispatch Group Call Procedure on page table. Note that steps 5 and 6 may be reinitiated by the iSC for a short period of time, but not for the entire duration of the call. Thus an SU could miss a call if it is in a coverage null for an extended period of time. Voice SU units set up in the group call are now ready to exchange digital voice information, as follows TCH.
This subsection introduces the key network elements, databases, applications, links, and protocols in the Packet Data subsystem, and shows how they interact during typical Packet Data calls. It is designed to enable computers that currently exchange data through wired networks to exchange data via the wireless Radio Frequency RF medium. The Packet Data subsystem allows a carrier to supply their subscribers Internet Protocol IP -based network access to either the Internet or their own networks.
The following diagram represents the architecture of the Packet Data subsystem. Figure SR Its primary purpose is to execute the functions of a foreign agent as specified by the mobile IP standard. It works in conjunction with the Home Agent HA router to receive forwarded packets from its home address and distributes these packets to the MS.
The iHLR is a new database specifically designed for the Packet Data subsystem, and it provides subscriber provisioning for Packet Data and is the essential element for roaming. This process has been replaced in the MDG4 see the next section below.
Its function is to collect Packet Data subscriber usage data for billing purposes. This usage data is stored on a hard drive on the BA until compilation. One BA is designated as the primary unit and the other is designated as the secondary or standby. If the primary BA becomes unavailable, the secondary unit continues with data collection. The BAs control the designation of which one is the primary and which one is the secondary unit. The Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting AAA Server is customer-provided equipment that contains security-provisioning information for subscribers to Packet Data service.
The HA provides the necessary authentication procedures as outlined in the mobile IP standard. The network elements in the Packet Data subsystem are connected to and communicate with each other and other iDEN network elements as described below.
This is accomplished using two different methods. It uses the same protocol to connect to the HA. It uses the same protocol to connect to the AAA Server. Generally speaking, the purpose of Packet Data registration is to validate, activate, and maintain Packet Data service. Specifically, Packet Data registration performs the following:. Packet Data has several types of call flows. Packet Data registration is discussed here.
The MDG determines final negotiated parameters from the proposed parameters and its own capabilities. The Operations and Maintenance Center-Radio OMC-R is the Network Management subsystem that establishes, maintains, and collects information about the network, and presents it to the system operator.
This data is used primarily to support the daily operation of the network radio system elements and to provide the system engineers with valid information for future planning decisions. As the complexity and control requirements of the iDEN system and its relationship to other systems increases, the need for control and monitoring equipment also increases.
The Network Management processes are as follows:. The Sun Ray terminals allow operators to login to the OMC-R and perform network management and system maintenance tasks. Routers, packet switch or channel bank, network access server, frame relay hardware, network timing hardware.
Performance Management provides system operators with information necessary for efficient network management and indications of quality of service failures. Performance Measurements are as follows:. Configuration and Load Management is used to change any managed network elements operating parameters for example, the RF frequencies of an EBTS that are stored in the network elements configuration file. The security feature includes the following:. System Processor checks validity of source address and validity of user on all incoming traffic on X.
Operators are assigned security classes specifying what commands operators may access and what output messages can be seen. The network elements in the Network Management subsystem are connected to and communicate with each other and other iDEN network elements as described below. This subsection describes and illustrates the processes that the network management subsystem is responsible for, including download from OMC-R to all network elements, software version control, configuration management, performance monitoring, event and alarm management.
The two function flows in the OMC-R are as follows:. The describes the collection flow of status information with the iCP. The following describes the reporting flow of status information for the iBSC. This subsection introduces the function of the iGW, including the iGW hardware, links and protocols in the iDEN system, and call and data flow.
The network elements in the iGW subsystem are connected to and communicate with each other and other iDEN network elements as described below. The protocol used between:. The RTP header carries the payload type, sequence number, and timestamp. The payload type field distinguishes between media packets, inband tone signaling, fax, or noise packets. The sequence number detects missing or out of sequence packets. The timestamp is used for jitter control and silence suppression recovery.
The private call setup flows create a signaling path and a bearer path. During the call, the signaling path is used for talker arbitration floor control , and call tear-down. Note There are different types of iGW calls. The VSGW interworks the floor control signaling.
The Selective Dynamic Group Call is set-up and active. The SR Traditionally, we have thought of the iDEN system as a communications system that combines the functionality of several communication networks into a single system. Interconnect services, which enable digital cellular, or wireless, telephone communication. For each of the three major services provided by the iDEN system, there is a subsystem comprised of Network Elements. Network Elements are processing devices that house software to perform specific functions based on the subsystem they reside in.
The Melody Core Solution feature is an evolution of the iDEN system intended to open new market opportunities and supplement current ones. The migration of the iDEN technology into this highly scalable, costeffective, next generation hardware and software system requires the integration of three main subsystems:.
This solution provides customers a new architecture base that is capable of extending further scalability to other services e. Interconnect in the iDEN network. The Melody Greenfield Solution will provide the scalability while maintaining most of the same feature set and high availability and reliability services currently available in the iDEN system.
This communications server integrates ATCA hardware with an operating environment that includes Carrier Grade Linux operating system and comprehensive centralized hardware platform management. The Melody controller comes in a dual shelf configuration. In future releases like SR The SSC:. Provides local maintenance for the shelf. Two SSC blades will exist within each shelf, bringing the overall total to four. Controls the voice traffic which includes compressing and decompressing the traffic.
The iCP:. The iCP is deployed as a pair of nodes. If one of the iCP nodes should fail, the remaining iCP node, using its failover register, will now process all of the calls.
Routes all Interconnect traffic, including compressing voice traffic being sent to the mobile while decompressing voice traffic being sent from the mobile. The R4 consists of three 3 network elements:. Some of the information in the database is:. Service information the MS owner has subscribed to, including special services e.
The Dispatch subsystem is comprised of the network elements that provide the iDEN Dispatch or push-to-talk services. The Dispatch subsystem is comprised of the following Network Elements:.
Some network elements of the Dispatch subsystem are also employed to provide Packet Data services. Since the iVPUdi has been covered in its entirety in the Interconnect section, only the functions within the dispatch system will be listed below: In the Dispatch subsystem, the iVPUdi:.
There are two 2 HA-DAP nodes that work in conjunction with each other to provide the highly available Dispatch services. Control for all dispatch and packet data functions by assigning the signaling and routing paths. First-time registration for all dispatch subscribers when a subscriber unit is powered on and sends a service request. Tracking of subscriber unit mobility for dispatch and packet data by maintaining the last known dispatch location area for all active and recently active subscriber units.
If the SUs identification is:. Dispatch service information the SU owner has subscribed to e. They serve the same set of subscribers and rely on database replication to keep the databases in sync. Because the iDEN System needs to be able to perform surveillance on individual dispatch users in accordance with the specifications of a legal warrant, a means to collect and distribute dispatch call information in a controlled manner is required.
This allows surveillance to be available in the event that the one of the iSGs encounters either a scheduled or an unscheduled outage. The OMC interacts with iDEN network elements to configure, upgrade, optimize, monitor, and report on the iDEN network elements' state and status in general and individual elements in greater detail.
An OMC-R consists of the following:. This section describes the basic iDEN network using system diagrams that show the system with its subsystems and their major components. Please note the following:. This architecture represents legacy iDEN systems.
Note This diagram does not illustrate all possible configurations. Billing Accumulatorgathers usage details from the MDG and stores the data for retrieval for billing purposes. Data is retrieved or forwarded to the customers Billing Accumulator for further processing. Building Integrated Timing Systemassures the proper processing of voice and data across the network. Base Radioperforms the RF communications with the SUs, sending both the control information and the compressed speech over a radio channel.
Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Actassist law enforcement in executing electronic surveillance pursuant to court order or other lawful authorization. Dispatch Applications Processorresponsible for the overall control and coordination of Dispatch and Packet Data services. Digital Cross Connect Switchcentral connecting point for ALL T1 and E1 links in the network and is used to separate the information on the T1 or E1 links and route the data to the correct network element.
Enhanced Network Switch Matrix a set of digital cross connections between input and output trunks that represent the path to be followed for a particular call setup. Global Positioning Systemassures that input and output data streams within the iDEN system are synchronized. Snapshot is an easy-to-use tool for recording the contents of the whole screen at regular intervals. More Military: Armed Forces Screensaver 1.
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Internist — Remick DG Biological perspectives — pathophysiology of sepsis. Gressner, S. Holdenrieder und O. Einige SeptinSubtpyen, wie z. Sewell K. Eine Minorkreuzprobe Ver- Sphingolipidsynthese. Summenformel C10H12N2O. Pathophysiologie Serotonin hat aufgrund der in vielen Geweben vorhandenen Rezeptoren sowie der verschiedenen Serotonin Rezeptorsubtypen ein breites Spektrum von Wirkungen.
Pathophysiologisch ist eine Beteiligung von Serotonin u. Peripher messbare Serotoninkon- Umrechnungsfaktor zw. In der Literatur berichteten Mittelwerte gesunder Pro- der Diagnostik serotoninproduzierender Tumoren relevant. Clin Chem 57 10 — halten besonders viel Serotonin. Die empfohlene Karenz von 2—3 Tagen ist praktisch oft schwer umzusetzen bzw. Stief und P. Falsch hohe Serotoninwerte wer- den u. Bei werden kann. Ratten haben kein messbares SAA wegen Fehlens der vialzellen.
Eine andere 1—42 nicht mehr an HDL gebunden. Nach seiner Sekretion aus der Bildungszelle assozi- stabil. Der Abbau geschieht in Umrechnungsfaktor zw. Partikel von den Hepatozyten. Weiterhin ist die Bestimmung attacken, Neugeboreneninfektionen. Bei Serum verschiedener Probanden erhalten wird. Westermeier, A. Colhoun M. Ein Computer, der als Server dient, muss i.
Halbwertszeit Mehrere Tage. Kontrollgrenzen in die Shewhart-Kontrollkarte eingezeichnet. Colhoun Shewhart-Kontrollkarte R. Shine I, Lal S A strategy to detect beta-thalassaemia minor. Lancet — Shine- und Lal-Index A. Gressner K. Vox Sang — oncogenic switch in promoting lung squamous cell carcinoma.
Strukturformel: Erkrankungen, z. Kondensationsreaktion unter Wasserabspaltung gebildet. Sie spielt auch eine Rolle bei Zell-Zell-Interaktionen, beim Transport positiv geladener Stoffe aufgrund ihrer negativen Ladung und bei Antigendeterminanten z.
Sialidose und Galaktosialidose. Urin: Referenzwerte des Stoffwechsellabors Heidelberg 2. Tage 3. Referenzbereich — Erwachsene S. Janas T, Janas T Membrane oligo- and polysialic acids. Unter Sauerstoffentzug Beschreibung Bei dem von R.
Der Nachweis der in einem Reagenzglas zu Aqua bidest! Baum W. Diese Makrophagen werden dann als Erythrosiderophagen bezeichnet. Arndt Siderozyten Synonym e Ebullioskopie H. Beschreibung Aus den 7 Basiseinheiten Tab. SLE zukommt. An improved method for the calculation of the relevant blood acid-base Literatur data.
Es ist ein nicht essenzielles Spurenelement. Nicht exponierte Deutsche zeigten eine Silberurinaus- plexe. Alle Varianten beinhalten im Prinzip all diese Indikationen zur Bestimmung von Silber bestehen in der Schritte: Toxikologie, um den Missbrauch von Silbersalzen nachzu- weisen, und in der Arbeitsmedizin. Kerenyi L, Gallyas F A highly sensitive method for demonstra- ting proteins in electrophoretic, immunoelectrophoretic and immu- Funktion — Pathophysiologie Silicium kommt in allen nodiffusion preparations.
Clin Chim Acta — Lebewesen vor. Siliciummangel ist beim Menschen nicht Westermeier R Elektrophorese leicht gemacht. Arndt tern. Es ist ein Element der IV. Hauptgruppe des Periodensystems der Elemente mit der 1 Jahr.
Umrechnungsfaktor zw. Referenzbereich — Kinder s. Lebensdaten Deutscher Pharmazeut, geboren am Okto- Indikation Verdacht auf unzureichende Zufuhr oder ver- ber in Wien. Nat R. Alle Schritte sind Nordeuropa. Woche andauert. Nur bei einem kleinen Teil der Patienten persistieren Gelenkbeschwerden. Analytik Kultur: Virusanzucht. Der direkte Virusnachweis aus dem Blut Bewertung — Methodenhierarchie allg. Ab dem klinisch-chemische Labore mit hohem Probendurchsatz.
Dieser Prozess wird auch als posttranskriptionelles Gene-Silencing beschrieben. Siro- limus hat mit ca. Dementspre- chend, aber auch wegen des relativ kleinen therapeutischen Bereichs, ist ein Drug-Monitoring notwendig. Molmasse ,2 g. Dementspre- hygroscopicus isoliert wurde. J Lab Med — plantation von entscheidender Bedeutung.
Transplantation — entstehung bzw. Peetz C. Merkmalsbezogene Begriffe.
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